INTERMEDIATE

PLACEMENT OF ADVERBS 


a) Antes de la preposición 
b) Después del objeto

He looked *at me* suspiciously
  • El adverbio no se debe intercalar nunca entre el verbo y su complemento directo. Se coloca detrás del complemento directo o delante del verbo. 
They quickly* collected their things*
  • Si el complemento directo es largo, el adverbio se coloca delante.    
Tell me quickly everything you know about it.

QUANTITIES and INTENSIFIERS

Theory quantities

Theory intensifiers



MITIGATORS


Intensifiers are adverbs which make adjectives stronger: 
  • Adjectives with strong and weak meaning, for example, big we add: very, really and extremely. It's extremely funny. It's very big.
  • Adjectives with strong meaning, like strong, we add: really, absolutely, totally and completely. I'm totally exhausted, It's absolutely enormous.
  • We use very for both kinds of adjective. I was really scared
QUANTITY
  • Lots of: informal and neutral. It can refer to good or bad things. There are lots of accidents.
  • Plenty of: informal, it refers to positive things. Don't worry, we've got plenty of time.
  • A lot of: more formal. We can use it in negative sentences to emphasize a small amount, we don't usually use lots of or plenty of in this way. I don't eat a lot of meat.

ORDER OF ADJECTIVES OSSACOM

1) Opinion / observation:

beautiful, boring, stimulating, stupid, delicious, useful, lovely, confortable

 2) Size:

big, large, little, short, small, tall, huge, tiny

 3) Shape

round, oval, square, circular, boxy, fat, heavy, straight, long, short,

 4) Age: Tells us how old someone or something is.

old, young, new, ancient, anticue

 5) Colour:

yellow, black, red, white, brown, whitish, blueish

 6) Origin: Tells us where something is from.

Thai, British, Italian, eastern, Australian, French

 7) Material: What is the thing made of or constructed of?

sliver, wooden, silk, paper, synthetic, cotton, woollen

NOUN: The figure that is receiving the adjectives


EL GERUNDIO


Es la forma verbal terminada en -ing.


Funciona como sustantivo en los siguientes casos:


Como suieto de la oración cuando se habla de acciones o hechos en general.

Playing with my friends in the park is fun. (Jugar con mis amigos en el parque es divertido.)


Como complemento directo de algunos verbos: finish, enjoy, avoid, miss, recommend, suggest, imagine, regret, keep, mind, dislike, etc.

She dislikes eating broccoli. (A ella no le gusta comer brócoli.)


Detrás de las preposiciones. he are thinking about studying abroad

Estamos pensando en estudiar en el extraniero)


Detrás de algunas estructuras: can't stand., feel like,. have fun, etc. don't mind, it's no use, look forward to, have no problem ...

 I had no problem arriving at my destination. (No tuve problemas para llegar a mi destino.)



INFINITIVO


Es la forma verbal precedida de to y se emplea en estos casos:

  • Detrás de verbos como decide, want, promise, hope, pretend,refuse, offer, agree, seem, appear, choose, expect, learn, plan, wish, allow, help, etc. He refused to talk to his teacher. (El se negó a hablarle a su profesor.)

  • Detrás de adjetivos tales como easy, happy, sad, lucky, hard, nice, etc. I was too weak to finish the race. (Yo estaba demasiado débil para terminar la carrera.) 


Verbos seguidos de gerundio y de infinitivo:

  • Algunos verbos (like, love, hate, prefer, begin, starl, continue,etc.) pueden ir seguidos de gerundio o de infinitivo sin que su significado varíe. They like going / to go to summer camps. Les gusta ir a los campamentos de verano.

SUBJECT AND OBJECT QUESTIONS

Object-Subject questions, 

THEORY

QUESTIONS WITH PREPOSITIONS

  • We use questions with prepositions at the end when the question word is the object of a preposition Who is this present for?
  • We use questions with prepositions at the end when the verb is a phrasal verb Did you switch the computer off?
  • We use questions with prepositions at the end when the verb has a dependent preposition, including: agree with, come from, depend on, listen to, speak to, talk to, think about, worry about. Who do you agree with?


SUCH...THAT, SO...THAT 

Theory

Exercises

QUESTIONS TAGS


WHAT’S THE DIFFERENCE?

  • At the weekend vs On weekends

"At the weekend" es un adverbio que se puede traducir como "en el fin de semana". 

"On weekends" es una frase que se puede traducir como "los fines de semana".

  •  Especially vs Specially

Especially, particularly;  Specially, for a purpose  

  • End vs Finish

End is for things; Finish is for people 

  • Anyway vs Nevertheless

Anyway, informal;  Nevertheless, formal

  • Maybe vs Perhaps

Maybe is informal; Perhaps is formal.